FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. There is a hierarchy of three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:


Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2	Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3	Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Unobservable inputs reflect the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability including assumptions about risk.

The following methods were used to estimate the fair value of all other financial instruments recognized in the accompanying balance sheet:

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value and was valued as Level 1.

Revolving Bank Loan Payable: Fair value is estimated based on the borrowing rates then available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and maturities and determined through the use of a discounted cash flow model. The carrying amount of the Revolving Bank Loan Payable represents a reasonable estimate of the corresponding fair value as the Company’s debt is held at variable interest rates and was valued as Level 2.

Lease liabilities: Fair value was estimated based on the borrowing rates then available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and maturities and determined through the use of a discounted cash flow model. The carrying amount of the Lease liabilities represents a reasonable estimate of the corresponding fair value and was valued as Level 2.

Phantom equity and phantom equity appreciation liability awards: Fair value is estimated based on the use of a Black-Scholes option pricing model based on publicly available inputs. The carrying amount of the liability represents a reasonable estimate of the vested portion of the corresponding fair value of the awards granted and was valued as Level 3.

Contingent consideration: Fair value is estimated based on the use of a Monte Carlo Simulation model based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market, which are considered Level 3 inputs in accordance with ASC Topic 820.

ARO liability: Fair value is estimated using an expected present value technique using estimated cash flows over a period of time and then discounting the expected cash flows using a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate using significant inputs that are not observable in the market, which are considered Level 3 inputs in accordance with ASC Topic 820.

ARO for asset impairment: Fair value is estimated using an expected present value technique using estimated cash flows over a period of time and then discounting the expected cash flows using a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate using significant inputs that are not observable in the market, which are considered Level 3 inputs in accordance with ASC Topic 820.

There were no transfers between fair value measurement levels of any financial instruments in the current quarter.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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